Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, inherited neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, which is essential for muscle function. The condition typically appears in early childhood, leading to progressive muscle weakness and loss of mobility, and primarily affects boys. DMD is one of the most common forms of muscular dystrophy, with ongoing research focused on gene therapy, novel drug treatments, and supportive care to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.