Crude oil is an unrefined petroleum product extracted from underground reservoirs and composed mainly of hydrocarbons. It is processed into fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel, as well as used in petrochemical production. As one of the most traded commodities in the world, crude oil prices are influenced by supply and demand dynamics, geopolitical events, and production decisions by major oil-producing nations. Its market performance has significant implications for global economic growth and energy policy.