Jair Bolsonaro is a Brazilian politician who served as the 38th president of Brazil from January 2019 to December 2022. A former army captain, Bolsonaro represented Rio de Janeiro in Brazil's Chamber of Deputies for nearly three decades before winning the presidency. His tenure was marked by conservative economic and social policies, a focus on deregulation, and contentious positions on environmental and public health issues, particularly regarding the Amazon rainforest and the COVID-19 pandemic.