MP Materials Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2020 Results

Fourth Quarter 2020 Revenue Grew 100% Year-over-Year to $42.2 million

Fourth Quarter 2020 Net Income Increased 23.3x Year-over-Year to $24.1 million

Fourth Quarter 2020 Adjusted EBITDA Grew 297% Year-over-Year to $18.0 million

2020 Full Year Production and Sales Volumes Increased Approximately 40% compared to 2019

MP Materials Corp. MP ("MP Materials" or the "Company"), the largest rare earth materials producer in the Western Hemisphere, today announced its financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2020.

MP Materials Chairman and CEO James H. Litinsky said, "MP made significant progress throughout 2020 towards our mission to restore the full rare earth supply chain to the United States. In addition to strengthening our balance sheet through a successful business combination, we ramped up our production of rare earths by nearly 40%, scaled our team to over 300 people, and put in motion our Stage II optimization plan at Mountain Pass. The accelerating global transformation towards electrification and decarbonization is creating strong demand for critical rare earth materials. These trends present a bright outlook for the Company as we prepare to begin delivering separated rare earth oxides in 2022."

Litinsky continued, "During the fourth quarter, we completed design improvements that de-risk our Stage II optimization plan, improve our potential long term operating model and further reduce the environmental impact of processing. Despite significant cost inflation throughout the economy in recent months, our Stage II optimization net capital cost, including these design improvements, is now contracted and expected to remain consistent with prior estimates."

2020 Fourth Quarter Financial and Operating Highlights

Revenue increased 100% year-over-year, driven by increases in both the realized sales prices of contained rare earth oxide ("REO") in concentrate and in the metric tons ("MT") of REO sold. The realized sales price increase of 70% was due to higher demand for REO driving increased market prices, as well as the lifting of certain import duties in China. The 21% increase in MT sold was due to higher demand for REO as well as higher percentages of REO in concentrate driven by improved productivity. Sold volumes fluctuate quarter-to-quarter based on shipment timing, but the Company continues to foresee 100% sell-through of its production.

Adjusted EBITDA increased 297% year-over-year driven by higher volumes and per-unit profitability, partially offset by increased public company costs. The 8% increase in production compared to the fourth quarter of 2019 was mainly due to the increased productivity at Mountain Pass. Production cost of $1,589 per MT of REO was down slightly year-over-year.

Net income increased by a factor of 23.3 year-over-year to $24.1 million and Adjusted Net Income increased by a factor of 11.0 year-over-year to $21.9 million, both mainly due to the higher Adjusted EBITDA. Fourth quarter of 2020 net income was also impacted by non-cash, stock-based compensation expense related primarily to stock grants issued in connection with MP Materials becoming a public company in November 2020.

2020 Full Year Financial and Operating Highlights

Revenue increased 83% year-over-year, driven by increases in both the volumes and the realized sales prices of REO. The 43% increase in MT sold was mainly due to increased productivity over the last year and higher market demand for REO. Productivity improvements were driven by higher feed rates, recovery and product grade at the plant. The realized sales price increase of 19% primarily reflected lower tariffs.

Adjusted EBITDA increased by a factor of 22.0 compared to 2019 driven by the higher revenue and lower per unit production costs, partially offset by higher operating lease costs from leases that commenced in the second half of 2020, as well as higher general and administrative expenses driven by increased public company costs. The 39% increase in production over last year was due in part to the increased productivity at Mountain Pass. Per unit production cost of REO declined 28%, reflecting the increased efficiency in processing our rare earth concentrate.

Net loss totaled $21.8 million in 2020 compared to $6.8 million in 2019 as the improved Adjusted EBITDA was more than offset by a non-cash settlement charge of $66.6 million in June 2020 recorded in connection with the termination of a distribution and marketing agreement. Adjusted Net Income in 2020 was $21.2 million compared to an Adjusted Net Loss of $7.8 million in 2019 mainly due to the higher Adjusted EBITDA.

Conference Call Details

MP Materials will host a conference call to discuss these results at 2 p.m. Pacific Time, Thursday, March 18, 2021. To access the conference call, participants should dial (833) 350-1335 and international participants should dial (236) 389-2432 and enter the conference ID number 8741996. The live audio webcast along with the press release and accompanying slide presentation, will be accessible at investors.mpmaterials.com. A recording of the webcast will also be available following the conference call.

About MP Materials

MP Materials Corp. MP is the largest producer of rare earth materials in the Western Hemisphere. With over 300 employees, the Company owns and operates Mountain Pass, an iconic American industrial asset, which is the only rare earth mining and processing site of scale in the Western Hemisphere and currently produces approximately 15% of global rare earth content. Separated rare earth elements are critical inputs for the magnets that enable the mobility of electric vehicles, drones, defense systems, wind turbines, robotics and many other high-growth, advanced technologies. MP Materials' integrated operations at Mountain Pass uniquely combine low production costs with best-in-class environmental standards, thereby restoring American leadership to a critical industry with a strong commitment to sustainability. More information is available at https://mpmaterials.com/.

Forward Looking Statements

Certain statements included in this press release that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements for purposes of the safe harbor provisions under the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of the words such as "estimate," "plan," "project," "forecast," "intend," "expect," "anticipate," "believe," "seek," "target," or similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding estimates and forecasts of other financial and performance metrics and projections of market opportunity. These statements are based on various assumptions, whether or not identified in this press release, and on the current expectations of MP Materials' management and are not predictions of actual performance. These forward-looking statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to serve as, and must not be relied on by any investor as, a guarantee, an assurance, a prediction or a definitive statement of fact or probability. Actual events and circumstances are difficult or impossible to predict and will differ from assumptions. Many actual events and circumstances are beyond the control of MP Materials. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including changes in domestic and foreign business, market, financial, political and legal conditions; failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the business combination; risks relating to the uncertainty of the projected financial information with respect to MP Materials; risks related to the rollout of MP Materials' business strategy and the timing of expected business milestones; risks related to MP Materials' arrangements with Shenghe; the effects of competition on MP Materials' future business; risks related to political and macroeconomic uncertainty; the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on any of the foregoing risks; and those factors discussed in MP Materials' Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on December 9, 2020, under the heading "Risk Factors," and other documents to be filed by MP Materials, with the SEC. If any of these risks materialize or our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results implied by these forward-looking statements. There may be additional risks that MP Materials does not presently know or that MP Materials currently believes are immaterial that could also cause actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements. In addition, forward-looking statements reflect MP Materials' expectations, plans or forecasts of future events and views as of the date of this press release. MP Materials anticipates that subsequent events and developments will cause MP Materials' assessments to change. However, while MP Materials may elect to update these forward looking statements at some point in the future, MP Materials specifically disclaims any obligation to do so, unless required by applicable law. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing MP Materials' assessments as of any date subsequent to the date of this press release. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed upon the forward-looking statements.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This press release references certain non-GAAP financial measures, including Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income (Loss), Total Value Realized, and Production Costs. We define Adjusted EBITDA as our GAAP net income or loss before interest expense, net; income tax expense or benefit; and depreciation, depletion and amortization; further adjusted to eliminate the impact of stock-based compensation expense, transaction-related costs, other non-recurring costs, non-cash accretion of asset retirement and environmental obligations, and gain on sale or disposal of long-lived assets. Adjusted Net Income (Loss) is defined as our GAAP net income or loss excluding the impact of depletion, stock-based compensation expense, transaction-related costs, and other non-recurring costs, adjusted to give effect to the income tax impact of such adjustments. Total Value Realized, which we use to calculate our key performance indicator, realized price per REO MT, is defined as the sum of: (x) the revenue recognized on our sales of REO (excluding the revenue impact of tariff-related credits from Shenghe on account of prior sales) and (y) in connection with our sales of REO to Shenghe between July 1, 2019, and June 5, 2020, the total amount of the Shenghe Implied Discount. The consideration described in clause (y) is the difference between (1) Shenghe's average realized price, net of taxes, tariffs and certain other agreed-upon charges (such as one-time demurrage charges) on our products once sold to their ultimate customers and (2) the amount of revenue we recognized on the sales of those products to Shenghe for sales between July 1, 2019, and June 5, 2020, which includes a non-cash portion. Realized price per REO MT is calculated as the quotient of: (i) our Total Value Realized for a given period and (ii) our REO sales volume for the same period. Production Costs, which we use to calculate our key performance indicator, production cost per REO MT, is defined as our cost of sales (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization), less costs attributable to sales of legacy stockpiles, stock-based compensation expense included in cost of sales (as opposed to general and administrative expenses), and shipping and freight costs. Production cost per REO MT is calculated as the quotient of: (i) our Production Costs for a given period and (ii) our REO sales volume for the same period.

MP Materials' management uses Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income (Loss), and other non-GAAP financial measures to compare MP Materials' performance to that of prior periods for trend analyses and for budgeting and planning purposes. MP Materials believes Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income (Loss) provide useful information to management and investors regarding certain financial and business trends relating to MP Materials' financial condition and results of operations. MP Materials believes that the use of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income (Loss) provide an additional tool for investors to use in evaluating projected operating results and trends. MP Materials believes realized price per REO MT, which utilizes the non-GAAP financial measure, Total Value Realized, is an important measure of the market price of the Company's product. Furthermore, MP Materials believes production cost per REO MT sold, which utilizes the non-GAAP financial measure, Production Costs, is a key indicator of the Company's production efficiency. MP Materials' method of determining these non-GAAP measures may be different from other companies' methods and, therefore, may not be comparable to those used by other companies and MP Materials does not recommend the sole use of these non-GAAP measures to assess its financial performance. Management does not consider non-GAAP measures in isolation or as an alternative or to be superior to financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP. The principal limitation of non-GAAP financial measures is that they exclude significant expenses and income that are required by GAAP to be recorded in MP Materials' financial statements. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgments by management about which expense and income are excluded or included in determining these non-GAAP financial measures. In order to compensate for these limitations, management presents reconciliations of such non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.

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